英语干货丨高中英语不规则动词归类记忆表火速收藏
一、AAA型(原形→原形→原形)
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思readreadread读cutcutcut切,割letletlet让putputput放costcostcost花费,值hithithit撞,击setsetset安排,安置hurthurthurt使…伤痛betbetbet***,打赌castcastcast抛
二、ABA型(原形→过去式→原形)
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思becomebecamebecome成为comecamecome来runranrun跑throwthrewthrown扔
三、ABC型
1.ow→ew→own
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思blowblewblown吹drawdrewdrawn画growgrewgrown生长knowknewknown知道
2.i→a→u
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思beginbeganbegun开始drinkdrankdrunk喝singsangsung唱swimswamswum游泳ringrangrung打电话
3.原形→过去式→过去式-e-n
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思wearworeworn穿forgetforgotforgotten忘记speakspokespoken说freezefrozefrozen冻choosechosechosen选择drivedrovedriven驾驶mistakemistookmistaken误解riseroserisen上升shakeshookshaken摇
4.原形→过去式→原形-e-n
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思eatateeaten吃forbidforbadeforbidden禁止giveg***egiven给rideroderidden骑seesawseen看见writewrotewritten写fallfellfallen落下breakbrokebroken打破,折断forgiveforg***eforgiven原谅;宽恕
5.无规律
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思am/iswa***een是arewerebeen是dodiddone做gowentgone走taketooktaken拿
四、ABB型
1.原形→ought→ought
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思bringbroughtbrought带来buyboughtbought买fightfoughtfought打架thinkthoughtthought思考seeksoughtsought寻求
2.原形→aught→aught
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思catchcaughtcaught捉,抓teachtaughttaught教
3.变其中一个元音字母
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思feedfedfed喂meetmetmet遇见getgotgot得到holdheldheld拥有babysitbabysatbabysat临时照看sitsatsat坐winwonwon赢findfoundfound发现bendbentbent使弯曲digdugdug挖leadledled引导sellsoldsold卖
4.原形→□t→□t
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思feelfeltfelt感到keepkeptkept保持le***eleftleft离开sleepsleptslept睡sweepsweptswept扫***ell***elt***elt闻;发出气味retellretoldretold复述
5.变其中一个辅音字母
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思buildbuiltbuilt建造hearheardheard听见makemademade制造meanmeantmeant意思sendsentsent送,寄spendspentspent花费dealdealtdealt处理rebuildrebuiltrebuilt重建lendlentlent借贷
6.辅音字母和元音字母都变
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思h***ehadhad有,吃laylainlain放loselostlost丢失paypaidpaid付钱saysaidsaid说sellsoldsold卖telltoldtold告诉standstoodstood站misunderstandmisunderstoodmisunderstood误解shootshotshot放炮;开枪understandunderstoodunderstood理解
五、AAB型
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思beatbeatbeaten打败
六、有两种形式
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思bearboreborn生boreborne
hanghangedhanged吊死hunghung挂learnlearnedlearned学learntlearnt
lieliedlied说谎laylain躺showshowedshowed给……看showedshown
spellspelledspelled拼写speltspelt
burnburnedburned烧burntburnt
***ell***elled***elled闻***elt***elt
shineshinedshined照耀shoneshone
dreamdreameddreamed做梦dreamtdreamt
wakewakedwaked醒wokewoken
hidehidhid躲藏hidhidden
bitebitbit咬bitbitten
lightlightediighted点着litlit
proveprovedproved证明provedproven
quitquitquit放弃quitedquited
ridridrid免除;去掉riddedridded
sawsawedsawed锯sawedsawn
sewsewedsewed缝纫sewedsown
shineshoneshone发光;闪亮shinedshined
sinksanksunk下沉sanksunken
sowsowedsowed种植sowedsown
spitspatspat吐spitspit
springsprangsprung跳跃sprungsprung
wetwetwet浸湿;弄湿wettedwetted
七、情态动词
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思cancould∕能maymight∕也许must∕∕必须shallshould∕将要willwould∕会
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高中英语不规则动词表
I.三态同形(17个)
bid(投标) bid bid broadcast(广播)broadcast broadcast
burst(迸发) burst burst cast(抛掷) cast cast
cost(花费) cost cost cut(剪切) cut cut
forecast(预报) forecast forecast hit(撞击) hit hit
hurt(伤害) hurt hurt let(让) let let
put(放置) put put quit(退下) quit quit
read(读) read read set(安放) set set
shut(关) shut shut spread(传播) spread spread
upset(不安) upset upset
II.两态同形(64个)
become(成为) became become come(来) came come
run(跑) ran run beat(打击) beat beaten
bend(弯曲) bent bent bleed(流血) bled bled
bring(带来) brought brought build(建立) built built
burn(燃烧) burnt burnt buy(买) bought bought
catch(抓捕) caught caught deal(处理) dealt dealt
dig(挖) dug dug dream(梦见) dreamt dreamt
feed(喂养) fed fed feel(感觉) felt felt
fight(战斗) fought fought find(发现) found found
fleed(逃离) fled fled hang(悬挂) hung hung
h***e(有) had had hear(听见) heard heard
hold(握住) held held keep(保持) kept kept
lay(放下) laid laid lead(领导) led led
lean(倾斜) leant leant learn(学会) learnt learnt
le***e(离开) left left lend(借出) lent lent
light(电亮) lit lit lose(失去) lost lost
make(制作) made made mean(意思是) meant meant
meet(遇见) met met mislead(误导) misled misled
misunderstand(误解)misunderstood misunderstood pay(付费)paid paid
rebuild(重建) rebuilt rebuilt retell(重述) retold retold
say(说) said said seek(追求) sought sought
sell(卖) sold sold send(派送) sent sent
shine(照耀) shone shone shoot(射击) shot shot
sit(坐) sat sat sleep(睡觉) slept slept
***ell(闻嗅) ***elt ***elt speed(加速) sped sped
spell(拼写) spelt spelt spend(度过) spent spent
spill(溅出) spilt spilt spit(吐痰) spat spat
spoil(惯坏) spoilt spoilt stand(站立) stood stood
stick(粘住) stuck stuck sweep(打扫) swept swept
teach(教) taught taught tell(告诉) told told
think(思想) thought thought understand(懂得 understood understood
weep(哭泣) wept wept win(战胜) won won
III.三态不同形(52个)
arise(起来) arose arisen be(是) was/were been
bear(生育、忍受)bore born/borne begin(开始) began begun
bite(叮、咬) bit bitten blow(吹) blew blown
break(打破) broke broken choose(选择) chose chosen
crow(啼叫) crew crown do(做) did done
draw(绘画、拉) drew drawn drink(喝) drank drunk/drunken
drive(开车、驱赶) drove driven eat(吃) ate eaten
fall(倒下) fell fallen fly(飞) flew flown
forbid(禁止) forbade forbidden forget(忘记) forgot forgotten
forgive(宽谅) forg***e forgiven freeze(结冰) froze frozen
get(得到) got got/gotten give(给予) g***e given
go(去、走) went gone grow(成长) grew grown
hide(躲藏) hid hidden know(知道) knew known
lie(躺) lay lain mistake(弄错) mistook mistaken
ride(骑) rode ridden ring(响铃) rang rung
rise (升起) rose risen see(看见) saw seen
sew(缝纫) sewed sewn shake(摇动) shook shaken
show(显示) showed/shew shown sing(唱歌) sang sung
sink(下沉) sank sunk/sunken sow(播种) sowed sown
speak(说话) spoke spoken spring(跳跃) sprang sprung
steal(偷) stole stolen strike(打击) struck stricken/struck
swear(起誓) swore sworn swim(游泳) swam swum
tear(撕扯) tore torn take(拿去) took taken
throw(扔、抛弃)threw thrown undertake(从事) undertook undertaken
wear(穿、戴) wore worn we***e(编织) wove woven
wake(醒来) woke waken/woke write(写) wrote written
IV.其它(4个)
can(能够) could may(可能) might
will(将会、愿意) would shall(将要、应该) should
高中不规则动词表
一、AAA型(原形→原形→原形) 二、ABA型(原形→过去式→原形)三、ABC型1. ow →ew →own 2. i→a →u原形 过去式 过去分词3. 原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n4. 原形→过去式→原形+(e)n 5. 无规律原形 过去式 过去分词?
动词是表示句子中主语的动作或状态的词。动词可以***取的形式有不定式、第三人称单数(现在式)、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。有些动词的过去式和过去分词都有一个固定的词尾,叫作规则动词。相反有些动词要么完全改变形式,要么保持不变,这就是不规则动词。
规则动词的变形是很简单的,但是在考试中往往考得更多的是不规则动词的变形。不规则变化动词作为高中英语很重要的一部分,只要掌握了就可以让你的英语学习事半功倍。
高中英语的学习过程中,不规则的动词变化也算是逢考必出的问题了。不论是在语法填空、短文改错、写作都是必不可少的一个考点内容。
高中英语不规则动词变化表
高中英语不规则动词变化表,如下图:
相关内容如下:
英语中的不规则动词,实际上在原始印欧语中是规则的Ablaut变化。原始印欧语中的Ablaut至今依然有遗留:sing sang sung song就是。
只不过后来随着语言的发展,英语中绝大多数Ablaut现象消失了,现在这种加ed的变化取代了原来的Ablaut,使原来规则的Ablaut看似成了不规则动词。
不规则动词是最古老的印欧语变位形式,可以说这才是“印欧语”的灵魂所在,这也是为什么有人认为印欧语系与亚非语系关系紧密,因为后者就是以元音变化著名的~
现在为止基本上除了日耳曼语以外,其他的印欧语子语言都已经最大程度消除了元音变位形式,仅存的基本都是印欧语的“系动词”,相当于英语的“to be”、“to go”之类的。
这些动词的不规则变化来自于“合体”,is变成are是因为这是两个不同的词(类似于汉语的“是”和“有”两个古印欧语词汇)合并而来。
具体到英语来说,不规则动词大概有200个,绝大多数都是古日耳曼语的常用动词留存。也有一些是古日耳曼语弱变化也被算作不规则动词(tell/told,sell/sold,buy/bought等等)。
另外这种强变化的日常性使用被认为影响到了中世纪日耳曼语的“元音音变”,具体就是一些单词的复数形式从古日耳曼语的-s,-as,-um等变成了元音变化,比如foot变成feet,在古日耳曼语里是fot/fotiz。
随着元音音变的出现,后元音i影响到了前元音o,导致前元音o向后元音靠拢,从o变成e,也就是变成了fot/fetiz的关系,最终演化为fot/fetiz/feet,有点类似于突厥语乌戈尔语等语言的“元音和谐”。
高中英语不规则动词表(过去式,过去分词),图或者文字
高中英语不规则动词表
(根据高中英语教材和新课标词汇表整理) 动词原形 中文意思 过去式 过去分词
arise 出现 arose arisen
awake 醒来 awoke awaked / awoken baby-sit 临时照顾 baby-sat baby-sat
be(am / is / are)是 was / were been beat 击打 beat beaten
become 变成became become
begin 开始 began begun
bend 使弯曲bent bent
bet赌 bet bet
bite咬bit bitten/bit
blow 吹 blew blown
break 打破broke broken
bring 拿来brought brought
build 建造 built built
burn燃烧 burnt/burned burnt/burned buy 买 bought bought
can 能 could
cast 抛cast cast
catch捕捉 caught caught
choose选择chose chosen
come来came come
cost花费cost cost
cut 割cut cut
deal分配dealt dealt
dig 挖dug dug
do / does做 did done
draw 画,拉,拖drew drawn
dream做梦dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt drink喝drank drunk
drive 驾驶drove driven
eat 吃ate eaten
fall掉落fell fallen
feed喂 fed fed
feel 触摸felt felt
fight 作战fought fought
find 找出found found
fly 飞flew flown
forbid禁止forbade/forbad forbidden forget忘记forgot forgot/forgotten
forgive原谅forg***e forgiven
freeze结冰froze frozen
get 得到got got
give 给g***e given
go 去went gone
grow成长grew grown
hang 挂/绞死hung/hanged hung/hanged h***e/has有had had
hear听到heard heard
hide隐藏hid hidden/hid
hit打hit hit
hold拿住held held
hurt受伤hurt hurt
keep保持kept kept
know知道knew known
lay放置laid laid
lead引导led led
learn学习learnt/learned learnt/learned le***e离开left left
lend借贷lent lent
let让let let
lie躺lay lain
light点着lit/lighted lit/lighted lose遗失lost lost
make制作made
may可以might
mean表…意思meant meant
meet遇到met met
mistake误认mistook mistaken
misunderstand误会misunderstood misunderstood pay支付paid paid
prove证明proved proved/proven
put放置put put
quit放弃quit/quitte quit/quitted
read读read read
rebuild改建rebuilt rebuilt
retell复述retold retold
rid免除rid/ridded rid/ridded
ride骑rode ridden
rise上升rose risen
run跑ran run
saw锯sawed sawed/sawn
say说said said
see看saw seen
seek寻觅sought sought
sell卖sold sold
send送/寄sent sent
set安置set set
sew缝合sewed sewn/sewed
shake摇shook shaken
shall将should
shine发光shone
shone擦亮shined shined
shoot放(炮)shot shot
show显露showed showed/shown
sing唱歌sang sung
sink下沉sank sunk
style称呼,设计 styled